Daily Current Affairs - Week 38, 2025 (15 Sep 2025 - 21 Sep 2025)

• Hindi Day 2025 was celebrated nationwide on September 14, highlighting Hindi's role in national unity and global identity.
• In India, Engineers’ Day is celebrated on 15 September to honor Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya.

• PM Modi inaugurated Assam’s first bamboo-based bioethanol plant at Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL), boosting green energy and local development.
• CSIR Startup Conclave 2025 showcased India’s first swastika-shaped lotus garden and 108-petal lotus, promoting innovation and entrepreneurship.
• DPIIT and CarDekho signed an MoU to support startups with mentorship, funding, and technology access.
• The two-day National Agriculture Conference launched the Rabi Campaign 2025 to strengthen India’s goal as a global food basket.
• According to a NITI Aayog report, AI adoption could add $500-600 billion to India’s GDP by 2035.
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the National Makhana Board in Purnia, Bihar.
• India has risen to 38th place in the Global Innovation Index (GII) 2025, up from 48th in 2020
• The WTO report “Artificial Intelligence: Implications for Trade and Inclusive Growth” highlights AI as a key technology to boost global trade and inclusive growth.

• Former PM Manmohan Singh was posthumously awarded the PV Narasimha Rao Memorial Award for his transformative role in India’s economy.
• Author Anand V. Patil received the Prof. V.K. Gokak Award in Bengaluru for his outstanding contributions to children’s literature.
• At the 2025 Emmy Awards, The Pitt won Best Drama Series, The Studio won Best Comedy Series and Adolescence won Best Limited Series, while actors were also honored.
• Muzaffarpur (Bihar) claimed first place in the INSPIRE Award 2025, with 7,403 students presenting innovative ideas.
• Baba Kalyani, Chairman and Managing Director of Bharat Forge, has been awarded the prestigious Holley Medal by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
• The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) has launched a new NECA 2025 category for content creators and influencers to promote energy efficiency under PM’s Mission LiFE.

• The Indian Army showcased drone integration for surveillance, reconnaissance, and precision strikes during ‘Exercise Siyom Prahar’.
• The Indian Army adopted its indigenously developed SAMBHAV system for secure military communications during Operation Sindoor.
• The Indian Navy commissioned INS Aravali in Gurugram, enhancing maritime domain awareness and operational coordination.
• Indian Navy received the indigenous ASW SWC ‘Androth’, enhancing maritime security in the Indian Ocean.
• South Korea, USA and Japan launched their five-day trilateral exercise Freedom Edge 2025 in waters near Jeju Island.
• Indian Navy’s INS Nistar participated in Exercise Pacific Reach 2025 in Singapore, showcasing India’s submarine rescue capabilities.
• Under Operation Cheyutha, six Maoists surrendered in Telangana, highlighting the government’s combined approach of security and rehabilitation to reduce militancy.

• Purple Fest 2025 at Amity University highlighted inclusion and empowerment through cultural, sports, and entrepreneurship activities.
• The book Unwrapping the China Enigma launch explored China’s politics, economy, and India-China relations through expert insights. Unwrapping the China Enigma

• Indian women’s hockey team won the silver medal, losing 1-4 to China in the Asia Cup final.
• Indian boxer Minakshi won gold in the women’s 48kg category, defeating Kazakhstan’s Nazim Kizaybe 4-1.
• Mohammed Siraj and Orla Prendergast were named ICC Players of the Month for their stellar performances.
• Vaishali Rameshbabu made history by winning the FIDE Women’s Grand Swiss 2025 for the second consecutive time.
• Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurated India’s largest and most advanced Veer Savarkar Sports Complex in Ahmedabad.
• Anandkumar Velkumar created history by winning India’s first-ever gold medal in speed skating at the Speed Skating World Championships 2025 held in Beidaihe, China.
• Apollo Tyres has secured the Indian cricket team’s jersey sponsorship in a landmark five-year deal
• Marium Fatima becomes Bihar’s first female FIDE Master after crossing 2000 FIDE rating at the Commonwealth Chess Championship.

• Former Chief Justice Sushila Karki was sworn in as Nepal’s first woman Prime Minister, heading the interim government until March 2026 elections.
• Prof. Pradeep Kumar Prajapati assumed the role of Director at All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi.
• Carlos Felipe Jaramillo from Colombia has been appointed as the World Bank’s Vice President for the East Asia and Pacific Region.
• Gourangalal Das, a senior IFS officer, has been appointed India’s next Ambassador to South Korea, strengthening ties under India’s Act East Policy.

• India voted in favour of the UNGA resolution endorsing the two-state solution for a peaceful settlement of the Palestine issue.
• India and Norway held their first Maritime Security, Disarmament, and Non-Proliferation Dialogue in Oslo to strengthen strategic cooperation.
• India, Iran, and Uzbekistan held their first trilateral meeting to boost regional security and trade via Chabahar Port.
• EU launches new strategic agenda to deepen cooperation with India in defense, trade, technology, and energy.
• India and Denmark strengthen their Green Strategic Partnership, focusing on trade, renewable energy, and climate action.
• India and Venezuela agree to collaborate on pilot projects in agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and digital infrastructure.
• Saudi Arabia and Pakistan sign a historic Strategic Defence Pact, pledging mutual military support and potentially extending Pakistan’s nuclear umbrella over Saudi Arabia.

• India reached 250 GW non-fossil fuel power capacity and aims to double it to 500 GW by 2030, promoting clean energy access.
• PM Modi launched the Gyan Bharatam portal to digitize and preserve India’s one crore manuscripts for global access.
• India extended the Fast Track Immigration program to 13 airports, offering faster clearance to citizens and OCI cardholders.
• IIM Ahmedabad inaugurated its first international campus in Dubai, marking a historic step in global education expansion.
• India announced the opium poppy cultivation policy for 2025-26, supporting farmers and safe production of alkaloid medicines.
• Tirumala Hills and Erramatti Dibbalu were added to UNESCO’s tentative list, recognizing their geological and natural significance.  
• Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Swasth Nari, Sashakt Parivar Abhiyaan, focused on the health of women, children, and families.
• India has signed a MoU with the International Labour Organisation (ILO) to collaboratively develop and promote the International Reference Classification of Occupations (ISCO).
• India has intensified efforts to secure UNESCO World Heritage status for Sarnath, set to credit Babu Jagat Singh for its 1787–88 excavation.
• Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla inaugurated the first-ever National Conference of Committees on Empowerment of Women of Parliament and State/UT Legislatures, held in Tirupati.
• Panchgani-Mahabaleshwar (Maharashtra), St. Mary’s Islands (Karnataka), Mawmluh Cave (Meghalaya), Naga Hill Ophiolite (Nagaland), Erra Matti Dibbalu & Tirumala Hills (Andhra Pradesh) and Varkala Cliffs (Kerala) have been added to UNESCO’s tentative World Heritage list.

• Albania became the first country to appoint an AI system ‘Diella’ as Minister for Public Procurement to ensure corruption-free governance.
• India launches National Geothermal Energy Policy to harness 10 GW potential and support Net Zero 2070 goals.
• Delhi reports a surge in HFMD cases among children aged 2–7, most often caused by Coxsackievirus A16, though A6, A10, and Enterovirus A71 can also trigger the disease.

• PM Modi laid the foundation for ₹7,300 crore development projects in Manipur, enhancing infrastructure, connectivity, and welfare schemes.
• English: Tribals protested in Jharkhand against interference in the traditional Manki-Munda self-governance system.

The World Trade Organization (WTO), in its recent report “Artificial Intelligence: Implications for Trade and Inclusive Growth”, has highlighted Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a transformative technology capable of enhancing global trade and promoting inclusive economic growth if proactive policies are implemented. The report notes that AI can reduce trade costs, boost productivity and lower income inequality. It also accelerates innovation and creates new economic opportunities, particularly for countries rich in critical minerals or renewable energy resources.

The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), under the Ministry of Power, has launched a new category called “National Energy Conservation Awards for Content Creators and Influencers” as part of NECA 2025. This initiative encourages digital creators with at least 10,000 followers to produce short videos (up to 90 seconds) in Hindi or any Indian language promoting energy efficiency, conservation, and sustainable living, aligned with PM’s Mission LiFE. Winners will be felicitated at the NECA ceremony on 14 December 2025 in New Delhi by the Hon’ble President of India.

Six members of the banned CPI (Maoist) surrendered under Operation Cheyutha, a campaign aimed at rehabilitating tribal Maoists. Launched in January 2025, Operation Cheyutha has facilitated the surrender of 320 Maoists so far. Each individual receives ₹25,000 immediate aid, with additional rehabilitation funds based on rank. The operation reflects Telangana government’s strategy of combining security measures with welfare initiatives to address tribal grievances, reduce Maoist influence, and encourage militants to abandon violence for a peaceful life.

The book Unwrapping the China Enigma was launched on September 18, 2025, at the India International Centre, New Delhi. Organized by The Hindu Group, the event featured panels moderated by Suhasini Haidar and Ananth Krishnan, with insights from experts and former diplomats including Ashok K. Kantha, Vijay Gokhale, Shyam Saran, and Shivshankar Menon. The discussions centered around the themes of the book, exploring China’s politics, economy, and foreign relations, as well as the future trajectory of India-China ties, providing a comprehensive understanding of China’s strategic evolution and its impact on India.

Marium Fatima has made history as Bihar’s first female FIDE Master in chess, achieving the title at the Commonwealth Chess Championship after crossing the 2000 FIDE rating mark. She has won several national and international tournaments, including the B-group title at the Barbèda del Vallès Open in Barcelona, the 12th National Women’s Amateur Elo Rating Chess Competition and the Bihar State Women’s FIDE Rating Chess Competition (2025).

Senior diplomat Gourangalal Das, a 1999 batch Indian Foreign Service (IFS) officer, has been appointed as India’s next Ambassador to South Korea. Currently serving as Joint Secretary in the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) heading the East Asia Division, Das has been instrumental in strengthening India’s diplomatic engagements in the region. He played a key role in India-China negotiations to ease tensions from the over four-year-long eastern Ladakh border standoff and has extensive experience in East Asian affairs.

India and Venezuela have agreed to collaborate on pilot projects in agriculture, pharmaceuticals and digital infrastructure, strengthening bilateral ties amid U.S.-Venezuela tensions. The agreement was discussed during the visit of Raul Hernandez, Venezuela’s Vice-Minister for ICT Development, to India from September 14–17, 2025. Venezuela also plans to send technical personnel to India for AI training. The collaboration highlights India’s efforts to expand global partnerships and foster development cooperation in Latin America.

Saudi Arabia and Pakistan have signed a historic Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement, pledging to treat an attack on either country as an attack on both. The pact, which may include all military means, was endorsed by Pakistan Army Chief Field Marshal Asim Munir. The agreement comes amid rising Gulf tensions after an Israeli airstrike in Doha. It could have significant regional implications, potentially involving a Pakistani nuclear umbrella over Saudi Arabia, affecting Israel, the US, China, and India’s strategic calculations. India is monitoring the development closely to reassess its security and diplomatic priorities in the Middle East and South Asia.

Seven natural heritage sites from India have been added to UNESCO’s tentative list of World Heritage Sites. The list includes Panchgani-Mahabaleshwar Deccan Trap (Maharashtra), St. Mary’s Islands (Karnataka), Mawmluh Cave (Meghalaya), Naga Hill Ophiolite (Nagaland), Erra Matti Dibbalu and Tirumala Hills (Andhra Pradesh), and Varkala Cliffs (Kerala). With this, India now has 69 sites under UNESCO’s consideration.

Doctors have reported a rise in Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) cases in Delhi, mainly among children aged 2–7 years. The illness is most frequently caused by coxsackievirus A16, but other strains such as A6, A10, and enterovirus A71 can also trigger the disease. The illness causes fever, painful mouth ulcers, and rashes with blisters on hands, feet, and sometimes buttocks. While there is no specific treatment or vaccine, most children recover in 7–10 days with proper care and hydration. Parents are urged to stay vigilant and seek medical help if symptoms worsen.

India has risen to 38th place in the Global Innovation Index (GII) 2025, up from 48th in 2020, leading all lower-middle-income economies and the Central & Southern Asia region. The top 10 countries are Switzerland (1st), Sweden (2nd), United States (3rd), South Korea (4th), Singapore (5th), United Kingdom (6th), Finland (7th), Netherlands (8th), Denmark (9th) and China (10th). India excels in Knowledge & Technology Outputs and Market Sophistication, while areas like Business Sophistication, Infrastructure, and Institutions need improvement.

Baba Kalyani, Chairman and Managing Director of Bharat Forge, has been awarded the prestigious Holley Medal by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). It is one of the oldest and most respected international recognitions in the engineering world. Instituted in 1924, the Holley Medal is presented to individuals whose unique engineering achievements deliver significant and timely public benefit. This year’s honour acknowledges Kalyani’s exceptional leadership in advancing innovation, strengthening global supply chains and driving manufacturing excellence.

The Indian Navy’s INS Nistar, an indigenously designed Diving Support Vessel, is participating in Exercise Pacific Reach 2025 in Singapore, involving over 40 nations. INS Nistar will serve as the mothership for Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicles (DSRVs), taking part in submarine rescue exercises and expert exchanges. The exercise has two phases: the harbour phase with discussions, symposiums, and cross-deck visits, and the sea phase featuring submarine intervention and rescue operations in the South China Sea.

Apollo Tyres has secured the Indian cricket team’s jersey sponsorship in a landmark five-year deal worth approximately ₹579 crore, effective until March 31, 2028. The agreement covers around 140 matches, including bilateral series and ICC events, with Apollo paying ₹4.5 crore per bilateral match and ₹1.72 crore per ICC match. The sponsorship rights were awarded after a bidding process on September 16, 2025, where Apollo outbid Canva (₹554 crore) and JK Cement (₹477 crore). Apollo Tyres’ logo will feature on both men’s and women’s cricket jerseys, marking its first major sponsorship in Indian cricket. 

The European Union (EU) has launched a new strategic agenda to deepen cooperation with India in defense, trade, technology and energy. The agenda focuses on security, connectivity, prosperity, technology, and multilateral cooperation, with priority on maritime security, cyber defense, Indo-Pacific cooperation and joint action on climate change. The EU also aims to finalize the India-EU Free Trade Agreement by the end of 2025, expected to be the world’s largest.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi held a telephonic conversation with Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen, during which both leaders reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening the India-Denmark Green Strategic Partnership. They emphasized expanding cooperation across key sectors, including trade, investment, renewable energy, sustainable development, and climate action. The partnership, established in 2020, aims to promote political cooperation, economic growth, and a green transition in both countries. 

India has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the International Labour Organisation (ILO) to collaboratively develop and promote the International Reference Classification of Occupations (ISCO). The partnership aims to enhance global comparability of occupational data, facilitate mutual recognition of skills and integrate Indian workers into international labor markets. It also supports youth employment and addresses global skill shortages, particularly driven by demographic shifts and digitalization.

India has renewed efforts to secure UNESCO World Heritage status for Sarnath, where Buddha gave his first sermon. The ASI will update plaques to credit Babu Jagat Singh who excavated the site in 1787–88, challenging colonial-era claims that credited only British officers. Sarnath, on UNESCO’s tentative list since 1998, is nominated for the 2025–26 cycle, with the move highlighting India’s focus on indigenous contributions and heritage authenticity.

Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla inaugurated the first-ever National Conference of Committees on Empowerment of Women of Parliament and State/UT Legislatures, held in Tirupati. The two-day conference, themed “Women-led Development for Viksit Bharat,” focuses on gender-responsive budgeting and empowering women to address challenges of emerging technologies. It brings together lawmakers, policymakers, and women leaders from across the country to deliberate on strengthening women’s leadership and ensuring inclusive policymaking.

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) launched the National Policy on Geothermal Energy, aiming to harness India’s untapped geothermal potential of around 10 GW across ten geothermal provinces. The policy focuses on research, inter-ministerial collaboration, and adoption of global best practices, promoting electricity generation, direct-use heating/cooling, tourism, and desalination. The policy also emphasizes capacity building, international collaboration, and technology-driven innovation to make geothermal a reliable and clean energy source supporting India’s Net Zero 2070 goals.

India celebrates Engineers’ Day on 15 September to honor Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, a pioneer in civil engineering and nation-building. He is known for projects like the Krishna Raja Sagara Dam and innovative water management systems, and was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1955. The 2025 theme, “Engineering Excellence Driving India Forward”, highlights engineering’s role in sustainable growth and Viksit Bharat 2047. 

A NITI Aayog report, "AI for Viksit Bharat", projects that faster AI adoption across industries could add $500-600 billion (₹44-53 lakh crore) to India’s GDP by 2035. With its large STEM workforce, expanding R&D, and digital capabilities, India can capture 10-15% of the global AI value pool. The report highlights that AI can significantly boost productivity in financial services and manufacturing, potentially contributing 20-25% of these sectors' GDP, while also creating new tech jobs and displacing low-skill roles. India’s GDP could rise from $6.6T to $8.3T by 2035 with AI-led growth, emphasizing the need for sector-specific strategies and frontier innovations for sustainable development.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the National Makhana Board in Purnia, Bihar. The board, funded with ₹475 crore, aims to boost production, processing, and export of makhana while providing farmers with better technology and market access. Makhana, also called fox nut, is a superfood mainly grown in Bihar’s Mithilanchal region. The initiative is expected to improve farmer incomes, promote global recognition, and strengthen Bihar’s economy.

The 2025 Emmy Awards in Los Angeles honored outstanding TV shows and performances. The Pitt (HBO Max) won Best Drama Series, The Studio (Apple TV+) won Best Comedy Series with a record 13 wins, and Adolescence (Netflix) took Best Limited Series. Acting awards went to Noah Wyle (The Pitt), Britt Lower (Severance), Seth Rogen (The Studio), Jean Smart (Hacks), Stephen Graham (Adolescence), and Cristin Milioti (The Penguin). The ceremony highlighted the dominance of streaming platforms and celebrated excellence across drama, comedy, and limited series.

Muzaffarpur (Bihar) claimed first place in the INSPIRE Award 2025, with 7,403 students presenting innovative ideas, surpassing major educational hubs like Bengaluru Urban (7,306), Bagalkot (6,826), Jaipur (6,311), and Lucknow (6,182). The INSPIRE Award, also known as MANAK, encourages students from classes 6–10 to develop creative projects, with selected participants receiving ₹10,000 to build their models.

South Korea, USA and Japan launched their five-day trilateral exercise Freedom Edge 2025 on 15 September in waters near Jeju Island. This is the first such drill since South Korean President Lee Jae Myung and US President Donald Trump took office. The exercise covers naval, air and cyber operations, including missile defense, air defense, medical evacuation and maritime security, aimed at boosting interoperability against North Korea’s missile and nuclear threats.

Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurated the Veer Savarkar Sports Complex in Ahmedabad. Built at a cost of ₹825 crore, it is India’s largest and most advanced sports facility, featuring Olympic-standard arenas, an aquatic complex, athlete hostels and eco-friendly infrastructure. Shah said the complex will help make Ahmedabad Asia’s sports capital and strengthen India’s bid to host the 2036 Olympics.

Anandkumar Velkumar has made history by winning India’s first-ever gold medal in speed skating. The 22-year-old won the Senior Men’s 1000m Sprint at the Speed Skating World Championships 2025 in Beidaihe (China) with a time of 1:24.924. This is a proud moment for India, as it is the country’s first world title in speed skating. Earlier in the same championship, Anandkumar also won a bronze medal in the 500m sprint, another first for India in this sport.

Carlos Felipe Jaramillo from Colombia has been appointed as the World Bank’s Vice President for the East Asia and Pacific Region, effective September 15, 2025. Based in Singapore, he will oversee a $32 billion portfolio across 23 countries. Jaramillo brings over 20 years of global experience, having previously managed Latin America and Caribbean operations. He will focus on job creation, sustainable energy, human capital, and digital transformation in the region.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Swasth Nari, Sashakt Parivar Abhiyaan on his 75th birthday. The nationwide health drive (17 Sept–2 Oct) focuses on women, children and family well-being. Over 1 lakh health camps will be held for screenings of anaemia, cancer, diabetes, TB, PCOD and mental health. The campaign also promotes maternal care, child nutrition and awareness through Anganwadi workers, NGOs and volunteers. Coinciding with the 8th Rashtriya Poshan Maah, the Abhiyaan aims to empower women and ensure a healthier India by 2047.

As every year, Hindi Diwas 2025 was celebrated with great enthusiasm across the country on September 14. This day held special significance in India’s post-independence history, as on 14 September 1949, the Constituent Assembly had adopted Hindi in the Devanagari script as the official language of the Union. This provision was included in Article 343 of the Indian Constitution and came into effect from 26 January 1950. The government announced this year’s theme as “Hindi: The Strength of National Integration and Global Identity.” The focus remained on expanding the role of Hindi through new technology, digital platforms, and international forums. Hindi Diwas aimed at promoting the use of Hindi, highlighting its cultural importance, and strengthening the spirit of national unity.

The CSIR Startup Conclave 2025 was inaugurated in Lucknow by Union Minister of Science and Technology Dr. Jitendra Singh and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath. The conclave aimed to extend science and startup initiatives to smaller cities and Tier-2 and Tier-3 towns. On this occasion, India’s first swastika-shaped lotus garden and the world’s first 108-petaled lotus (NBRI-NAMO 108) were unveiled at NBRI, Lucknow, featuring 60 varieties of lotus and 50 varieties of water lilies. This initiative is set to create new opportunities in innovation, entrepreneurship, and agriculture-based industries, establishing Lucknow as a rapidly emerging hub in India’s scientific and startup ecosystem.

Startup India (DPIIT) and CarDekho Group signed an MoU to strengthen the startup ecosystem. Under this agreement, startups will receive mentorship, funding, market access, and technology support. Additionally, the “Bharat Startup Grand Challenge” will promote innovation in mobility, fintech, and sustainability.

The two-day National Agriculture Conference – “Rabi Campaign 2025” began at the Pusa Institute in New Delhi. This year’s theme was “One Nation – One Agriculture – One Team.” Agriculture Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan highlighted that India’s agricultural growth rate stands at 3.7%, with the goal of making India the “Food Basket of the World.” The conference focused on crop insurance, the Viksit Krishi Sankalp Abhiyan, and practical agricultural research. It saw the participation of central and state government officials, scientists, agricultural experts, and farmer representatives.

The Indian Navy was handed over its second Anti-Submarine Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC) ‘Androth’, built by GRSE in Kolkata. The 77-meter, 900-ton vessel is equipped with light torpedoes, anti-submarine rockets, 30mm and 12.7mm machine guns, and an advanced shallow water sonar system. Made with over 80% indigenous content, the ship will strengthen India’s maritime security and strategic presence in the Indian Ocean.

The ICC honored Mohammed Siraj as the Male Player of the Month and Orla Prendergast as the Female Player of the Month for August 2025. Siraj played a crucial role in India’s thrilling six-run victory against England by taking 9 wickets in the final Test. Meanwhile, Prendergast scored 144 runs and took 4 wickets against Pakistan in the T20I series, helping Ireland qualify for the ICC Women’s T20 World Cup 2026. This achievement reflects the dedication, hard work, and excellence of both players.

Indian chess Grandmaster Vaishali Rameshbabu made history by winning the FIDE Women’s Grand Swiss 2025 in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, for the second consecutive time. With this victory, she also secured her place in the FIDE Women’s Candidates Tournament 2026. In the final round, she drew against China’s former world champion Tan Zhongyi and emerged as the winner based on total points. Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Vaishali on this remarkable achievement and praised her dedication.

The first trilateral meeting of India, Iran, and Uzbekistan was held in Tehran. The meeting focused on combating militancy and terrorism, strengthening regional security, and enhancing India-Uzbekistan trade via the Chabahar Port. This initiative is expected to boost connectivity and cooperation across Europe, Central Asia, and the Indian Ocean region.

Tirumala Hills in Andhra Pradesh and Erramatti Dibbalu in Visakhapatnam have been included in UNESCO’s tentative list of World Heritage Sites. Tirumala Hills feature a rare geological boundary between ancient Precambrian rocks and younger rock formations, along with the 1.5-billion-year-old Silathoranam, a natural rock arch known for its unique shape and religious significance. Erramatti Dibbalu, spread over approximately 1,500 acres, are famous for their red sand hills dating back to the Quaternary period, holding significant geological and natural importance. Inclusion in UNESCO’s tentative list highlights the global significance of these sites and strengthens their prospects for preservation.

The Ho tribe in Jharkhand protested against the Deputy Commissioner, alleging interference in their traditional self-governance system, the Manki-Munda system. In this system, each village is led by a Munda, while a Manki oversees a group of villages. Experts say the issue highlights the challenge of balancing traditional tribal governance with modern administrative structures in Jharkhand.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Assam Bioethanol Plant and laid the foundation for a Polypropylene Plant at Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL). The bioethanol plant, India’s first to use bamboo, supports green energy and benefits local farmers and tribal communities. PM Modi highlighted Assam’s role in strengthening India’s energy and petrochemical sectors and noted the government’s ₹18,000 crore developmental allocation for the state. These projects promote sustainable energy, industrial growth, and employment opportunities in the region.

Renowned author Anand V. Patil, celebrated for his outstanding contributions to children’s literature (Bal Sahitya), received the Prof. V.K. Gokak Award in Bengaluru. He was also a recipient of the Bal Sahitya Award from the Kendra Sahitya Akademi, recognizing his exemplary work in enriching young minds through imaginative and thoughtful writing. The Prof. V.K. Gokak Award, named after eminent writer and Jnanpith Awardee Professor Vinayaka Krishna Gokak, honored individuals who made significant contributions to Indian literature, particularly in Kannada, and celebrated Prof. Gokak’s enduring legacy in promoting Indian languages.

The Indian Navy has commissioned its newest naval base, INS Aravali, in Gurugram, Haryana. Named after the Aravali mountains, the base strengthens India’s Maritime Domain Awareness and communication infrastructure, supporting command and operational coordination. The commissioning ceremony was led by Admiral Dinesh K. Tripathi, Chief of the Naval Staff, and included a Guard of Honour, the reading of the commissioning warrant by Captain Sachin Kumar Singh, and the hoisting of the Naval Ensign. INS Aravali’s motto, ‘सामुद्रिकसुरक्षायाः सहयोगं’, reflects maritime security through collaboration, aligning with India’s MAHASAGAR vision.

The Indian women’s hockey team secured silver after losing 1-4 to China in the Asia Cup 2025 final, missing direct qualification for the 2026 Women’s Hockey World Cup. Navneet Kaur scored India’s only goal, while China’s Zixia Ou, Hong Li, Meirong Zou, and Jiaqi Zhong scored four goals. Captain Salima Tete led India’s young squad, with players like Mumtaz Khan, Lalremsiami, and Sunelita Toppo showing promise despite the loss.

Indian boxer Minakshi won the gold medal in the women’s 48kg category at the 2025 World Boxing Championships, defeating Kazakhstan’s Nazym Kyzaibay 4-1. She became the second Indian after Jaismine Lamboria (57kg) to win gold at this event, contributing to India’s four-medal haul. The 24-year-old impressed with precise punches, superior fitness, and tactical skill, avenging her earlier loss to Kyzaibay. 

Professor Pradeep Kumar Prajapati has assumed charge as the Director of the All India Institute of Ayurveda (AIIA), New Delhi. The appointment was formally welcomed in a ceremony attended by faculty, staf and former leaders of the institute. Prof. Prajapati, who previously served as Acting Director in 2017, began his career at the National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, and has held key positions at Gujarat Ayurved University and Rajasthan Ayurved University, Jodhpur.

India and Norway held their first-ever Maritime Security, Disarmament and Non-Proliferation Dialogue in Oslo, strengthening strategic cooperation in maritime security and arms control. The Indian delegation was led by Joint Secretary Muanpuii Saiawi, while Norway’s delegation was headed by Jon Elvedal Fredriksen. Discussions focused on maintaining a safe maritime environment, countering smuggling and piracy, protecting critical infrastructure, and advancing disarmament and non-proliferation cooperation.

The Government of India has announced the 2025-26 opium poppy cultivation policy, which will run from October 1, 2025, to September 30, 2026. It covers Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. Farmers who grow high yields (4.2 kg per hectare or more) will continue with opium gum cultivation. Those with medium yields (3.0–4.2 kg per hectare) can grow unlanced poppy straw (CPS) under five-year licenses. CPS farmers producing 900 kg per hectare or more are encouraged to switch to opium gum, while farmers producing less than 800 kg per hectare may lose their license. The Government Alkaloid Factory in Neemuch has earned WHO GMP certification, helping India make more medicines from opium safely. The policy supports farmers, medical needs, and self-reliance.

Albania has become the first country to appoint an Artificial Intelligence system as a government minister. Named Diella (“sun”), the AI will serve as Minister for Public Procurement, tasked with making public tenders corruption-free by reducing human bias, bribery and political interference. Diella was first introduced in January 2025 as a virtual assistant on the e-Albania platform, helping citizens with digital documents and services. The AI minister marks a global first, reflecting Albania’s push for transparent governance and anti-corruption reforms aligned with its EU accession goals.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for development projects worth over ₹7,300 crore in Churachandpur, Manipur, aiming to transform the state’s infrastructure, connectivity, healthcare, education and women’s empowerment. The projects include urban roads, drainage and asset management improvements (₹3,600 crore), five National Highway projects (₹2,500+ crore), the Manipur Infotech Development (MIND) project, 18 new Eklavya Model Residential Schools, and working women’s hostels at nine locations. To enhance connectivity, the Jiribam–Imphal railway line (₹22,000 crore) and the newly constructed Imphal Airport (₹400 crore) will link the state more closely with the national network. Welfare initiatives include 60,000 pucca houses, over 1 lakh free electricity connections, 3.5 lakh households with piped water under Har Ghar Nal Se Jal, and free treatment for 2.5 lakh patients under Ayushman Bharat. 

Former Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh has been posthumously awarded the P. V. Narasimha Rao Memorial Award for Economics, acknowledging his pivotal role in shaping India’s economic transformation. The award was presented by the Hyderabad-based P. V. Narasimha Rao Memorial Foundation (PVNMF) at a ceremony in New Delhi, where his wife Gursharan Kaur received the honour on his behalf. The award recognises individuals who have made transformational contributions to India’s economy, particularly in connection with landmark reforms and nation-building efforts.

The Indian Army has successfully concluded Exercise Siyom Prahar, focused on integrating unmanned aerial systems (UAS) into modern tactical operations. Conducted under realistic battlefield conditions, the exercise tested the deployment of drones for persistent surveillance, battlefield reconnaissance, target acquisition, and precision strikes. The initiative highlights the growing role of drone technology in enhancing combat effectiveness and operational preparedness.

In a significant step towards secure and self-reliant defense communication, the Indian Army has officially transitioned from foreign messaging platforms like WhatsApp to its indigenously developed SAMBHAV (Secure Army Mobile Bharat Version) system. The adoption of this platform was notably highlighted during Operation Sindoor, an intelligence-driven mission in 2025.

The Purple Fest 2025 concluded at Amity University, Noida, with over 1,800 participants, highlighting inclusion and empowerment of persons with disabilities. The festival featured cultural and sports events, including an inclusive cricket match with deaf students from ISLRTC, entrepreneurship stalls, and a Continuing Rehabilitation Education (CRE) program.

Former Chief Justice Sushila Karki has been sworn in as Nepal’s first woman Prime Minister, heading the interim government. The oath was administered by President Ramchandra Paudel at the Presidential Palace, in the presence of Vice President Rambaran Yadav and other officials. Her appointment follows the resignation of former PM KP Sharma Oli amid violent protests by Gen Z demonstrators over social media bans and corruption. Karki’s interim government will oversee the country until fresh parliamentary elections on March 21, 2026.

India has extended its support to a United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) resolution backing the New York Declaration, which emphasizes the peaceful settlement of the Palestine issue through the two-state solution. The resolution, put forward by France, received broad approval, with 142 nations voting in favour, 10 opposing (including Israel, the US, Argentina, and Hungary), and 12 abstaining.

Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy Pralhad Joshi announced India has reached a significant milestone by achieving 250 GW of non-fossil fuel electricity capacity. This capacity comprises solar (123.13 GW), wind (52.68 GW), hydro (55.22 GW), biomass (11.60 GW), and nuclear (8.78 GW) energy. The government has set an ambitious target to increase this capacity to 500 GW by 2030, in line with its Paris Agreement climate commitments. As part of promoting clean energy, the Centre has already supplied free solar power to 20 lakh households and plans to expand the benefit to 1 crore homes, especially for those lacking rooftop installations.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Gyan Bharatam portal at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, to digitize and preserve India’s vast manuscript heritage of nearly one crore manuscripts, the largest in the world. The platform will create a national digital repository, featuring manuscripts in 80 languages and make them accessible through AI-powered tools. It aims to prevent intellectual piracy, promote research and translations, and strengthen global collaborations.

In a major boost to international travel efficiency and security, the Government of India has expanded the Fast Track Immigration – Trusted Traveller Programme (FTI-TTP) to 13 major airports. The initiative enables Indian citizens and Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) cardholders to enjoy quicker immigration clearance, reducing wait times to as little as 30 seconds through automated e-Gates. Launched initially on June 22, 2024 at Delhi’s Indira Gandhi International Airport, the facility was extended in January 2025 to seven more airports – Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Cochin, and Ahmedabad. Recently, the program was rolled out to five additional airports: Lucknow, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirappalli, Kozhikode, and Amritsar.

Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad (IIM Ahmedabad), one of India’s premier business schools, has inaugurated its first-ever international campus in Dubai, marking a historic step in Indian higher education’s global expansion. The inauguration ceremony, held at Dubai International Academic City was graced by Dubai’s Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, India’s Union Education Minister Dharmendra Pradhan and India’s Ambassador to UAE Sunjay Sudhir, alongside senior officials of IIMA.